常压储罐底板泄漏的声发射源特征研究
闫河、赵彦修、李晓林、刘建军
(中国特种设备检测研究院 北京 100013)
摘要:本文从实际工程检测案例出发,利用两个泄漏储罐在不同液位下的声发射检测结果与开罐验证结果的对比,探讨了常压储罐泄漏具有间断性的原因以及如何根据声发射检测信号特征正确定位泄漏源的方法。结果表明,底板与基础之间的空隙随液位的变化是造成泄漏信号间断性的直接原因;通过对比不同液位高度的在线检测结果,结合区域定位和“族源”的时差定位可精确识别泄漏源位置,从而充分证实了声发射检测技术在常压储罐底板泄漏检测中应用的有效性。
关键词:常压储罐、泄漏、声发射检测、族源
AE Source Characteristic research of Atmosphere Storage Tank Bottom Leakage Inspection
YAN-he, ZHAO Yan-xiu,LI Xiao-lin, LIU Jian-jun
(China Special Equipment Inspection and Research institute, Beijing 100013 China)
Abstract: Based on the comparison of AE inspection result and open tank inspection result in engineering practice, the reason of discontinuity leakage of the atmosphere storage tank was discussed in this paper. Meanwhile, the effective way using AE technology for leakage position identification was investigated .It was found that the leakage rate increased as the liquid level rising in the low level stage, however, in the high level stage, the leakage rate reduced as the gap between the tank bottom plate and the foundation became smaller, so the leakage was discontinuous. The leakage position could be accurate identification through comparison of AE inspection results at different liquid level, application-region location and time-difference location of clusters. The results proved that AE technology is an effective way for atmosphere storage tank bottom plate leakage inspection.
Key words: atmospheric storage tank, leakage, AE inspection, clusters.
1.前言
随着国民经济的快速发展,化工及炼油工厂逐渐增多,其所需的储存原料的储罐也随之而增多;同时,过去一些没有严格按相关规范修建的储罐也进入了老龄化的时代,其安全性能得到了人们的广泛关注。钢制储罐及其辅助设备失效、破坏的主要原因是腐蚀[1],腐蚀不仅跟所储存的介质有关,更是时间的函数,随着时间的推移,腐蚀程度越来越严重。底板作为常压储罐失效的主要部位,其上下表面由于腐蚀穿孔导致罐底板泄漏的情况在各大石油石化企业时有发生。有泄漏,说明底板已有穿透性的裂纹或孔洞存在,目前,查找泄漏部位最常用的办法就是开罐,清理,以宏观为主的检测方法[2],目前,查找泄漏部位最常用的办法就是开罐,清理,以宏观为主的检测方法[2],这些方法也只能找到明显缺陷的泄漏情况,对于诸如微渗或者泄漏源被加热盘管、浮顶支柱或垫板所覆盖的部位,检验效果较差。在这种情况下,需要一种更加快捷的、可靠的检测方法来解决这一难题。
常压储罐底板泄漏的声发射源特征研究全文